Human Sexuality

Introduction The topic under discussion is human sexuality, which is a subject that generates a lot of controversy. It is essential to understand norms for sexual behavior and how society can maintain these norms. In this regard, one must discuss teen sex as well as premarital sex, and relate to this to the limitations that people place on human sexuality.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Human Sexuality specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Analysis The topic is a critical one because sex is related to vital parts of human organization, such as, family, procreation, and companionship. Furthermore, sex has grave ramifications on other people as well as society in general. Religious guidelines, moral principles, taboos and legal repercussions are indicative of the gravity of this topic. Additionally failure to abide by certain rules leads to unwanted consequences among concerned parties. It is vital to trace th e sources of influence on current perceptions of human sexuality, and then establish how those norms ought to be maintained. In order to understand the limits of human sexuality, one must look through the barriers to eligibility in sexual relations. Sometimes, an individual’s gender governs their sexual choices. Certain people believe sex should only be between persons of opposite gender, but this matter has elicited a lot of controversy in the public sphere. Additionally, age places a limit on a person’s sexual choices. In most western cultures, it is illegal to have sex with a minor. However, some Asian, African and Islamic cultures allow teen sex as long as it is in the context of marriage. Additionally, one’s marital status also affects the limits society places on sex. Many individuals frown upon extra marital affairs; although sex between two uncommitted and consenting adults is somewhat permissible. There are inherent contradictions in what society endors es and what dominant social platforms, like the media, endorse. Numerous individuals resent abnormal behavior, but few of them know about the entities that define normalcy. In most circumstances, a person’s religious beliefs, cultural heritage and upbringing have a large role to play in one’s definition of normalcy. In modern society, the principle of consent is the most valuable one in setting boundaries for sex. Therefore, sex with underage persons or among them is frowned upon because these individuals do not have the psychological maturity to give consent. Additionally, violence in sex is highly frowned upon because one of the parties is held against their will, so no consent exists. It should, however, be noted that people have not completely disregarded the relevance of marriage in sex (Bramlett and Mosher, 2002). Single parents, who have several sexual partners during a child’s development, have difficulties in teaching them about sexual morals. Such chil dren will imitate their parent’s behavior, and may start having sex in their teens. Society’s lack of commitment on premarital sex has blurred the lines on sexual limits, and thus perpetuated teenage pregnancy or even violence.Advertising Looking for research paper on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Studies indicate that sixty six percent of all pregnant teens engaged in sex owing to abuse from older males (Potera, 2009). Usually, these activities took place because of parental absenteeism. Such parents are single and have to focus on economic activities rather than family obligations. Therefore, society may disregard the relevance of marriage in sexual relations, but the repercussions of these choices are quite vicious (McGurN, 2009). The issue of sexual limits is often downplayed in the media. Through the use of certain stereotypes, premarital sex is strengthened and even glamorized. Advertisements a re saturated with heavily sexualized messages. Women are selling perfume, clothes, cars and even garden equipment using their bodies. This saturation of sexually-charged messages causes many people to develop unrealistic ideas about sex. It objectifies women and encourages individuals to focus on casual encounters. Furthermore, some of the most famous celebrities live promiscuous lifestyles. One may read about an actress who has had more than four partners in the span of one year. These public figures reinforce the stereotype of non-committal sexual relations and create the problems discussed in the above paragraph. Perhaps a more alarming problem from the media is the perpetuation of stereotypes about teenage girls and sex. Pop culture can lead to violent sexual situations or rape; it also encourages teenage sex. Unlike past decades, where the media perpetuated societal norms, currently, the media perpetuates a counterculture that is often dangerous for those who are targeted by it . A case in point is the Victoria Secret Pink brand. The company has used the media to advertise this line. This product category was launched in 2004 for young adults and collegiate women. The logic was that the pink brand would transition individuals from teenage hood to adulthood. Victoria Secret marketed the product as fun and flirtatious. In fact, the company has taken campaigns to schools and other communities with large representations of 18-22 year olds (Zmuda, 2008. While the company claims to sell its garments to clients above the age of consent, it is no secret that teenagers resonate with this brand, and many of them buy Victoria Secret’s undergarments. Bright colors and graphics emphasize the playful aesthetic of the undergarments in the pink brand. The flirtatious nature of the brand is also evident through some of the slogans on the undergarment. For instance, one of the products has the words ‘no peeking’. This slogan contradicts itself owing to t he flirtatious nature of the pink undergarments. It shows that a girl’s no is really yes. The visuals obscure the slogan and indicate that the wearer cannot say no and truly mean it.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Human Sexuality specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Many programs in the media make early sex and casual sex appear normal. For instance, in the movie Knocked up, the main actress – Alison is a professional career woman, who has casual sex with a stranger in a bar. It is only after Alison realizes she is pregnant that she decides to pursue the stranger (Apatow et. al. 2007). The feature illustrates the pervasiveness of casual relations in society. Teenagers are having sex as seen through pop icons’ song choices. Justin Bieber sings about intimacy with a girl in his song â€Å"That should be me†. In the first verse he says â€Å"Rumours spreadin’ ‘bout th is other guy. Do you do what you did when you did with me† (Lrics Mode, 2010). Justin was still underage when writing the song. In order to promote right attitudes towards sex, one should make the effort to understand the reasons for having sex and the limits of what is acceptable. However, one must also embrace the fact that society is deeply divided about certain norms in society. Therefore, individuals who choose lifestyles that do not comply with one’s personal preferences but are accepted by society should be respected. This reflection has taught me that some limits on sexual behavior can be easily blurred, and society will not directly frown upon it. However, concerned individuals will pay for those consequences indirectly. I also learnt that the media covertly encourages deviant sexual behavior through the images it portrays and the stories it focuses on. Annotated Bibliography Apatow, J., Robertson, S., Rogen, S., Goldberg, E. (Producers), Apatow, J. (Director) . (2007). Knocked up [DVD], Universal City, California: Universal Pictures. The movie is a story about Alison Scott, a competent reporter, who has casual sex with a laid back and average-looking stranger known as Ben Stone. Because of a misunderstanding during the sexual act, Alison gets pregnant, and tries to contact Ben. She struggles to forge a relationship with him, but realizes that he is irresponsible and juvenile. Fortunately, the two get to know each other during the pregnancy. This movie points out the pervasiveness of casual sexual encounters in popular culture. Bramlett, D. and Mosher, W. (2002). Cohabitation, Marriage, Divorce, and Remarriage in the United States. Vital Health Statistics 23(22), 1-35.Advertising Looking for research paper on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Journal article was a comprehensive survey of a wide range of subjects throughout the United States. It intended on unraveling attitudes towards sex in the context of marriage. The researchers asked participants about their sexual practices in marriage and outside marriage. The article is essential in shedding light on sexual norms in American society. It points out the issues that many regard as acceptable and offensive. Therefore, the study assists in meeting the key objective in this analysis on human sexuality. Lrics Mode (2010). Justin Bieber: That should be me lyrics. Web. The website is a script of the lyrics to Justin Bieber’s song â€Å"That should be me†. Bieber is a teenage pop sensation who rose to stardom after posting a video on YouTube. He released the song in 2010, when he was 16 years old. Nonetheless, the song’s lyrics are marred with sexual undertones. The singer has many underage fans (even less than 5 years old) and many of them sing the se words. The song identifies some of the sources of underage sexual encounters. McGurN, W. (2009, January 6). Like a virgin: The press take on teenage sex. Wall Street Journal, p. 15. In the newspaper article, the author looks at the role of family in young people’s sexual lives. He explains that teenagers who come from religious homes and social environments are less likely to engage in risky sexual behavior, get pregnant or loose their virginity before 21. The writer reiterates that parents strongly influence children’s attitudes towards sex. This article is crucial in illustrating some of the sources of ideas about sex in society. It proves that family influences are indispensable, and that the casual attitude towards sex starts in one’s home. Potera, C. (2009). Sex and violence in media influence teen behavior. American Journal of Nursing, 109(2), 20. The article focuses on the effect of television on teenage sexual behavior. The author found that teenagers who watched more television were more likely to become pregnant. She also illustrated that websites and games create a violent culture among teens that can lead to purveyance of non consensual and underage sex. This journal is crucial to the subject under discussion because it illustrates how the media creates a counterculture and perpetuates dangerous stereotypes. Some of them are manifested through violent acts. Zmuda, N. (2008, January). Pink label: Victoria’s sales secret. Advertising Age, 15. The article focuses on the marketing strategies of one of the most successful lingerie retailers in the country: Victoria Secret. The author reveals that the retailer has a line that is targeted at young women. She also reiterates that the company conducts marketing campaigns in colleges and universities in order to promote the product. While this article does not directly refer to the commercialization of childhood, it is crucial in shedding light on the pervasiveness of sexual id eas among young people. It illustrates where ideas about teenage sex come from, and the dangers of this sort of commercialization. References Apatow, J., Robertson, S., Rogen, S., Goldberg, E. (Producers), Apatow, J. (Director). (2007). Knocked up [DVD], Universal City, California: Universal Pictures. Bramlett, D. and Mosher, W. (2002). Cohabitation, Marriage, Divorce, and Remarriage in the United States. Vital Health Statistics 23(22), 1-35. Lrics Mode (2010). Justin Bieber: That should be me lyrics. Web. McGurN, W. (2009, January 6). Like a virgin: The press take on teenage sex. Wall Street Journal, p. 15. Potera, C. (2009). Sex and violence in media influence teen behavior. American Journal of Nursing, 109(2), 20. Zmuda, N. (2008, January). Pink label: Victoria’s sales secret. Advertising Age, 15. This research paper on Human Sexuality was written and submitted by user Landen Savage to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How to Get an Internship in College When You Don’t Know Anybody

How to Get an Internship in College When You Don’t Know Anybody You know the drill. Good things happen to people who know people. That’s how internships and jobs are landed- personal connections. But what if you don’t know anyone? How are you supposed to get that internship, let alone a job? Here are four proactive and creative things that you can do to beat the odds.Brand YourselfIt’s never too early to craft a unique personal brand. That’s the kind of thing that really sings to recruiters, plus it shows a fluency with valuable social media platforms. Use your favorite apps to create a platform and an atmosphere around yourself and your particular skills and interests. And use web software and blog sites to showcase your best accomplishments online. Think of it as an online portfolio, no matter what your field.And keep it professional. Double-check your e-presence with the help of a site like Reppler.com. Then get involved in any important discussions in your chosen field.Be SpecificWhen you’re working on your resume and cover letter, do yourself a favor and make them as targeted specifically to the job or internship you want as possible. Try printing out both the job description and your resume and then go through both with a highlighter. You want as many keywords to overlap as possible. If you don’t have many, go back through and retool your resume. Then draft a customized cover letter for that particular position. It shows your thoroughness and also your level of investment- before you even get an interview.Go to the OfficeYour college or university has a career office for a reason. Use it. Career advisors are trained to help with general job search strategies, and can be an invaluable resource, but there are also career advisors there who have specific knowledge of the field you’re trying to break into. Go and pick their brains. Have them run a fine-toothed comb over your materials. Ask them for strategic advice. You never know what they could turn up, including companie s searching for candidates just like you!Go Above and BeyondThe rest is up to your professionalism and charm. Read up on the company before the interview. Practice your answers to typical sample questions. Get a good night’s sleep, dress appropriately, always be 10Â  minutes early. Shake hands with everyone. Make eye contact. Stay on your toes. Be personable and warm while making them see how qualified you are. Then write a thoughtful follow-up thank you email and address it to your interviewers by name.

Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 8

Business - Essay Example â€Å"Self† and environment is a necessary aptitude for leadership in addition to technical competencies. As Gardner (1983) expounds â€Å"expanding on the concepts presented in early intelligence work as well as social intelligence theory, developed a theory of multiple intelligences. ...one of the seven areas of intelligence discussed in multiple intelligence theory, personal intelligence, corresponds to earlier theories such as social intelligence†. II. Group Level: Leadership leadership begins with learning the â€Å"self†; to have certainty about himself/herself to as a foundation of confidence to lead and get things done â€Å"It is necessary for a â€Å"leader, who possesses a clear self-concept through private self-consciousness, to be more likely to possess a strong purpose-in-life. Having a strong purpose involves consistency in self-identity (i.e., self-concept clarity) (Campbell, 1990; Frankl, 1992). This clear awareness of the self translates to a clearer sense of goal and purpose which will evolve to Self-Belief. Self-belief, which is the inner confidence that will make an individual succeed and overcome any obstacle to achieve the best outcomes for service improvement. ... And as others are involved in the process of decision making, democratic leadership is practiced as the best form of arriving towards a common goal and consensus. Lawler (2001: 16-17) argued that democracy is inevitable, even in the workplace . . . Hierarchial organizations are simple too inflexible and rigid to compete effectively in today's business environment. They fail to attract the right human capital and to produce the right core competencies and organizational capabilities. As a result, they need to be replaced by lateral forms of organization that rely heavily on teams, information technology, networks, shared leadership, and involved employees . . . [These new organizational forms] will have flat, agile structures, open information, power that moves to expertise, and system that create knowledge and employees throughout the organization. Democratic leadership is not only useful for resolving issues but also in soliciting good ideas on how to better the organization. Democr atic process is also important to forge teamwork in any organization. In leading and managing people, free flow of ideas among my peers and subordinates should be encouraged and unhampered with fear and repression so that they can contribute the best of themselves. This democratic process will make differences see perspectives that may be unknown to before. And as such, better approach and solution to certain issues may crystallize after the exchange and free flow of ideas. Ultimately, this democratic process will not only encourage the production of better ideas but will also make a team cohesive. Where communication process is open, with peers and subordinates are

Obesity ( Science) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Obesity ( Science) - Essay Example Obesity can simply be described as the over accumulation of fats in our body. It poses a serious threat as it may lead to several heart diseases and even diabetes. The main reasons for obesity are overeating, irregular eating patterns and habits as well as lack of daily physical activity. Some of the common problems caused by obesity are increased sweating, difficulty in breathing, difficulty in doing physical activities and so on. As mentioned earlier, the only remedy for this health problem is to lose weight through a systematic and organized diet system, which incorporates both elements: food and exercise. Our body needs a certain amount of calories each day. The excess calories that we obtain through overeating is stored as fat. This stored up fat can be burned out only by exercising. â€Å"Patients with obesity often have multiple nutrition-related medical problems (e.g. Hypertension and diabetes) that make a needs assessment necessary to prioritize the treatment approachesâ₠¬  (Gumbiner, B., 2001, P.170) This paper deals with an investigation and comparison of Atkins diet and the Cabbage Soup Diet, the two popular diet plans that may help people to reduce weight and set them free from obesity. Atkins diet was created keeping in mind people who eat too much. These people take in large amounts of carbohydrates daily. The body is designed in a unique way to obtain energy from the food eaten. This is done by burning the carbohydrates and fats stored in the body. Atkins diet tries to reduce the use of carbohydrates, which will lead to the use of excess fat in the body that will help in loosing weight. â€Å"By restricting carbohydrates drastically to a mere fraction of that found in the typical American diet, the body goes into a state of ketosis which means it burns its own fat for fuel† (The Atkins Diet, 2011). When a person is in this state, his or her body burns the excess fat instead of the carbohydrates, which reduces the feeling of hunger and this ultimately results in weight loss. On the other hand, the Cabbage Soup Diet is just a restrictive diet. It has a well planned, systematic list of the things that one has to eat each day of the week. Kathleen M. Zelman says that these meals have to be eaten at home as they are not available in any restaurants. â€Å"The Cabbage Soup Diet plan promises a 10- pound weight loss in one week† (Zelman, 2011). It is said that Cabbage Soup Diet helps to reduce weight if one sticks to the list of allowed food on alternate days along with fat free cabbage soup. â€Å"The new cabbage soup diet (Margaret Danbront) allows dieters to eat as much cabbage soup as they like, plus other food as directed† (IDEA Health & Fitness. 2002, P. 79). A person following this diet should drink plenty of water and should avoid alcohols at any cost. On the first day, along with the cabbage soup, the individual following this diet system should eat fruits and drink unsweetened tea, coffee or wat er. On the second day, again the cabbage soup as well as vegetables that contain low calories and baked potatoes with butter must be taken. On the third day, the individual is supposed to have both fruits and vegetables as taken on the first and second day along with cabbage soup. On the fourth day the plan is to consume up to eight bananas with skimmed milk, but without omitting the soup. Next day marks the beginning to eat beef, chicken

Plato's Argument Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Plato's Argument - Essay Example One notable thing about the Allegory of the Cave is that it presents, although in brief form, a number of Plato’s philosophical assumptions. In this regard, I am referring to his belief that the way the world is revealed in our senses is not a replica of the real world but a very poor copy as such. This belief which forms one of the most prominent philosophical assumption is best manifested in the Allegory of the Cave by Plato’s likening of this state of unrealistic world view with chained prisoner’s who think that the shadows that they see behind their chained position is what constitute reality, which unfortunately is fundamentally wrong. There are those who might voice several objections on Plato’s allegory. First, they might question the huge gap that he draws between the intelligible and the invisible realm. It appear like to him it is either you are chained or not, but nothing in-between. Experience has shown me that the degree at which people acquir e Plato’s idea of ‘education’ is never in those two extremes that Plato describes in this allegory. Looking at real life, even the most simple-minded prisoner in this sort of a shadow interrogates the validity of what he/she sees while posing epistemological questions that point to a deeper understanding of the intelligible realm. Failing to undergo the entire painful transformation does not necessarily mean that a person is totally unaware or in denial of â€Å"reality and understanding†, as is the case with Plato’s prisoners. Perhaps we are supposed to understand that some people are further ahead of others in their exit from the cave, something that Plato capture perfectly when he acknowledge that a prisoner would require time to adjust before he/she get used to the world above (Kraut, 2011), which essentially suggests that enlightenment take time. However, he proceeds to paint a picture of two separate groupings; those who digest what they perce ive at face value and those others who strive to get truth and understanding via knowledge. I strongly believe that this allegory would have been more precise and easier to apply in today’s life if it had addressed the gray areas between somebody in the visible realm and the other completely immersed in the truth in the intelligible realm. Secondly, I fail to understand why enlightenment should end the moment a prisoner exit the cave. At first, the prisoner believed that the shadow of those artefacts that he/she saw constituted the truth. Since they were wrong in believing that, what assurance do they have that whatever they will see once out of the cave will be errorless? And as if to show that whatever the prisoners will see once out of the cave will not necessarily constitute the truth, Plato uses words like â€Å"truer and clearer† in describing the intelligible realm. According to me, it would make sense to assume that these prisoners, rather than being satisfied with â€Å"truer and clearer† world out of the cave, would be more doubtful of their observation of the world and

Characteristics of a Failed State

Characteristics of a Failed State The termÂÂ  failed stateÂÂ  is often used to describe a stateÂÂ  perceived as having failed at some of the basic conditions and responsibilities of aÂÂ  sovereign government. In order to make this definition more precise, the following attributes, are often used to characterize a failed state: loss of physical control of its territory, or of the monopoly on the legitimate use of physical forceÂÂ  therein, erosion of legitimate authority to make collective decisions, an inability to provide reasonable public services, and An inability to interact with other states as a full member of the international community Common characteristics of aÂÂ  failing stateÂÂ  include a central government so weak or ineffective that it has little practical control over much of its territory; non-provision of public services; widespread corruption and criminality; refugees and involuntary movement of populations; and sharp economic decline A state could be said to succeed if it maintains, in the words ofÂÂ  Max Weber, aÂÂ  monopoly on the legitimate use of physical forceÂÂ  within its borders. When this is broken (e.g., through the dominant presence ofÂÂ  warlords,ÂÂ  paramilitaryÂÂ  groups, orÂÂ  terrorism), the very existence of the state becomes dubious, and the state becomes aÂÂ  failed state. The difficulty of determining whether a government maintains a monopoly on the legitimate use of force (which includes the problems of the definition of legitimate) means it is not clear precisely when a state can be said to have failed. This problem of legitimacy can be solved by understanding what Weber intended by it. Weber clearly explains that only the state has the means of production necessary for physical violence (politics as vocation). This means that the state does not require legitimacy for achieving monopoly on the means of violence (de facto) but will need one if it needs to use it (de jure). The term is also used in the sense of a state that has been rendered ineffective (i.e., has nominal military/police control over its territory only in the sense of having no armed opposition groups directly challenging state authority; in short, the no news is good news approach) and is not able to enforce its laws uniformly because of high crime rates, extremeÂÂ  political corruption, an extensiveÂÂ  informal market, impenetrable bureaucracy, judicial ineffectiveness, military interference in politics, cultural situations in which traditional leaders wield more power than the state over a certain area but do not compete with the state, or a number of other factors. TheÂÂ  Crisis States Research CentreÂÂ  defines a failed state as a condition of state collapse -ÂÂ  i.e., aÂÂ  stateÂÂ  that can no longer perform its basic security and development functions and that has no effective control over its territory and borders. A failed state is one that can no longer reproduce the conditions for its own existence. This term is used in very contradictory ways in the policy community (for instance, there is a tendency to label a poorly performing state as failed a tendency the Crisis States Research Centre rejects). The opposite of a failed state is an enduring state and the absolute dividing line between these two conditions is difficult to ascertain at the margins. Even in a failed state, some elements of the state, such as local state organisations, might continue to exist. Indicators of state vulnerability The indexs ranks are based on twelve indicators of state vulnerability four social, two economic and six political. The indicators are not designed to forecast when states may experience violence or collapse. Instead, they are meant to measure a states vulnerability to collapse or conflict. All countries in the red (Alert, FSI of 90 or more), orange (Warning, FSI of 60 or more), or yellow (Moderate, FSI of 30 or more) categories display some features that make parts of their societies and institutions vulnerable to failure. Some in the yellow zone may be failing at a faster rate than those in the more dangerous orange or red zones, and therefore could experience violence sooner. Conversely, some in the red zone, though critical, may exhibit some positive signs of recovery or be deteriorating slowly, giving them time to adopt mitigating strategies. Social indicators Demographic pressures:ÂÂ  including the pressures deriving from high population density relative to food supply and other life-sustaining resources. The pressure from a populations settlement patterns and physical settings, including border disputes, ownership or occupancy of land, access to transportation outlets, control of religious or historical sites, and proximity to environmental hazards. Massive movement of refugees and internally displaced peoples:ÂÂ  forced uprooting of large communities as a result of random or targeted violence and/or repression, causing food shortages, disease, lack of clean water, land competition, and turmoil that can spiral into larger humanitarian and security problems, both within and between countries. Legacy of vengeance-seeking group grievance:ÂÂ  based on recent or past injustices, which could date back centuries. Including atrocities committed with impunity against communal groups and/or specific groups singled out by state authorities, or by dominant groups, for persecution or repression. Institutionalized political exclusion. PublicÂÂ  scapegoatingÂÂ  of groups believed to have acquired wealth, status or power as evidenced in the emergence of hate radio, pamphleteering and stereotypical or nationalistic political rhetoric. Chronic and sustained human flight:ÂÂ  both the brain drain of professionals, intellectuals and political dissidents and voluntary emigration of the middle class. Growth of exile/expatcommunities are also used as part of this indicator. [edit]Economic indicators Uneven economic development along group lines:ÂÂ  determined by group-based inequality, or perceived inequality, in education, jobs, and economic status. Also measured by group-based poverty levels, infant mortality rates, and education levels. Sharp and/or severe economic decline:ÂÂ  measured by a progressive economic decline of the society as a whole (using: per capita income, GNP, debt, child mortality rates, poverty levels, business failures.) A sudden drop in commodity prices, trade revenue, foreign investment or debt payments. Collapse or devaluation of the national currency and a growth of hidden economies, including the drug trade, smuggling, and capital flight. Failure of the state to pay salaries of government employees and armed forces or to meet other financial obligations to its citizens, such as pension payments. Political indicators Criminalization and/or delegitimisation of the state:ÂÂ  endemic corruption or profiteering by ruling elites and resistance to transparency, accountability and political representation. Includes any widespread loss of popular confidence in state institutions and processes. Progressive deterioration of public services:ÂÂ  a disappearance of basic state functions that serve the people, including failure to protect citizens from terrorism and violence and to provide essential services, such as health, education, sanitation, public transportation. Also using the state apparatus for agencies that serve the ruling elites, such as the security forces, presidential staff, central bank, diplomatic service, customs and collection agencies. Widespread violation of human rights:ÂÂ  an emergence of authoritarian, dictatorial or military rule in which constitutional and democratic institutions and processes are suspended or manipulated. Outbreaks of politically inspired (as opposed to criminal) violence against innocent civilians. A rising number of political prisoners or dissidents who are denied due process consistent with international norms and practices. Any widespread abuse of legal, political and social rights, including those of individuals, groups or cultural institutions (e.g., harassment of the press, politicization of the judiciary, internal use of military for political ends, public repression of political opponents, religious or cultural persecution.) Security apparatus as state within a state:ÂÂ  an emergence of elite orÂÂ  praetorian guardsÂÂ  that operate with impunity. Emergence of state-sponsored or state-supported private militias that terrorize political opponents, suspected enemies, or civilians seen to be sympathetic to the opposition. An army within an army that serves the interests of the dominant military or political clique. Emergence of rival militias, guerrilla forces or private armies in an armed struggle or protracted violent campaigns against state security forces. Rise of factionalised elites:ÂÂ  a fragmentation of ruling elites and state institutions along group lines. Use of aggressive nationalistic rhetoric by ruling elites, especially destructive forms of communalÂÂ  irredentismÂÂ  (e.g., Greater Serbia) or communal solidarity (e.g., ethnic cleansing, defending the faith). Intervention of other states or external factors:ÂÂ  military or Para-military engagement in the internal affairs of the state at risk by outside armies, states, identity groups or entities that affect the internal balance of power or resolution of the conflict. Intervention by donors, especially if there is a tendency towards over-dependence on foreign aid or peacekeeping missions.

Legend of the Body in the Bed Essay -- Urban Legends

Body in the Bed The legend of the â€Å"Body in the Bed† has been retold over and over again for years. It is a very popular story, usually taking place at a hotel or motel in the city of Las Vegas, Nevada, or in a remote location in the desert nearby (â€Å"Strange Smells from the Hotel Bed†). Various â€Å"spin-offs† and variations to the legend have arisen since its inception, believed to be in the early 1990s. Many examples supporting the legend have come to the surface over time. They provide a possible explanation to the origin of the legend. The version I collected was told to me by my girlfriend, on March 29th. She has been fascinated by urban legends since as far back as she can remember. Although she recounted several legends to me, I chose this particular one because it was my favorite. Before retelling the legend, she told me that I could easily find this story online. However, I told her that I would prefer if she retold it in the manner she first heard it. Her version of the legend goes as follows: A man traveling on a business trip arrived at a motel, checked in, and proceeded to his room. Once he got in, he became aware that the room had a very foul smell, practically unbearable. He called the desk clerk asking for another room, but there were none available. The desk clerk sent over a maid to clean the room and try to get the smell out while the man went to dinner. When he returned, he didn’t smell the foul smell. He showered, settled in, and went to bed. After some time, the man awoke to the horrible smell again. It was too late to call the desk clerk, so he began looking around, trying to figure out where the smell came from. He searched everywhere, but found that the smell was strongest around the bed. Finally... ...tivity would not agree with what goes on during the course of the honeymoon period. This legend plays upon all of the factors to warn against these â€Å"sinful† activities. It reminds us that we should not partake in activities out of lust or greed, for it may take over our lives and change who we are. It warns us to not seek these pleasures blindly, for we may be missing what is really going on directly under our noses. Works Cited Mikkelson, Barbara (2 November 2006). â€Å"The Bawdy Under the Bed.† Retrieved March 30th, 2007 from http://www.snopes.com/horrors/gruesome/bodybed.asp. Murphy, Autumn. â€Å"The Body in the Bed-An Urban Legend.† Retrieved March 30th, 2007 from http://urbanlegends.about.com/od/classics/Classics.htm. â€Å"Strange Smells From the Hotel Bed.† Retrieved March 30th, 2007 from http://www.halloweenghoststories.com/legends/strange1-2.html.

Communication and Crisis Essay

My name is Rosa Singleton. I am the director of the Emergency Management Office in the area of Ohio. Today we have received official reports that the public water supplies for the city of Canton and other nearby cities have become contaminated with a life-threatening biological agent. It is the duty of my staff to implement contingency plans and address them within the organization, and with the public in a way that will not create panic amongst the citizens of Canton and the surrounding cities. The individuals or groups that will be communicating inside and outside the organization during this crisis situation When a crisis situation occurs, there has to be a quick response for collecting information concerning the situation. The individuals that will be communicating during this crisis on the inside of this organization are myself, the senior manager of the regional Emergency Management Office, the communications coordinator, and the command coordinator along with the help of outside agencies such as: The State Department of Health, the Red Cross agency, and the media spokesperson (Hicks, 2012). Potential advantages and challenges associated with communicating within the organization and with the public and private sectors during this crisis situation When an event like water contamination occurs, it gives an opportunity for emergency teams to work with diverse communities to effectively relay the importance of health communication, and it causes the citizens of those communities to be dependent upon the emergency teams to bring them to a safe place from the crisis. Sometimes a crisis can have good outcomes, and sometimes the outcomes are not as favorable. The advantages that we’re hoping for while communicating with the associations and the public are, that everyone involved receives the correct public health information messages, and that they knew before hand their needs, and have familiarized themselves with other vulnerable communities close to them at the time they realized the water was contaminated. We never hope for negative outcomes, so hopefully being aware of these situations will help in knowing the drawbacks of developing and relaying clear and effective messages in these types of crisis (Nsiah-Kumi, 2008). Differences in communication processes used in crisis situations, including what you learned from the situations in the scenario and how you might incorporate that knowledge to improve health care communication strategies A crisis team must monitor health status to identify community health problems-the detection of any harmful or unfavorable health events is important, and has to be done quickly to ensure a speedy response to biological attacks, with medications and vaccines provided. An engagement of diagnosis and investigation of health problems and hazards in the community-identifying and diagnosing potential bioterrorism agents is very important; it ensures that prevention and treatment measures can be quickly implemented. The crisis team will also inform, educate, and empower people about health issues-in a crisis, such as this bioterrorist event, this information needs to be shared as quickly as possible with law enforcement agencies and all other groups responsible for protecting the public. Mobilizing the community partnerships to identify and solve health problems will take place-the local public health agencies will have to get together with all other organizations, including those not really considered part of the public health system to provide epidemiologic investigation and medical treatment to those who need it, and help prevent the spread of disease. They also must develop policies and plans that support individual and community health efforts-the local public health agency preparedness plans should include careful, thought out reviews of local, state and federal policies that will help in its responses to any health emergency for the public. They will enforce laws and regulations to protect health and ensure safety-a very important part of preparedness planning involves making sure that the local, state, and federal laws and regulations involving public health emergencies are updated. Fraser and Fisher (2001) said that some of the laws are outdated because they haven’t been changed to show the same existence in public health practice. The residents will be linked to needed personal health services and be given the health care that is provided for them that is normally not provided any other time-so; it is the duty of the crisis team to make sure that all members of a community can have access to healthcare services if they need it. The crisis team will assure the public of a competent public health and personal health care workforce-in order for a crisis team to be effective in their response to a bioterrorism event, everyone involved in the local public health system must be competent personnel who have had training in emergency preparedness and response procedures. Effectiveness, accessibility, and quality will be evaluated of all personal and population-base health services-there are many local public health agencies that have, and are now taking tabletop simulations and field exercises to help keep their response capacity intact, and to help identify their needs for how they need to improve. Research for new insights and innovative solutions to health problems are being done on a continuous basis-there are so many important ways that a team can respond to bioterrorism; it can be done through research on local public health preparedness activities (Fraser & Fisher, 2001). Appropriate technology, such as social media, affecting communication during the crisis situation and how these technologies may be used to enhance communication Getting a staff together to bring in useful information to plan for the release of the information to the news media is a great way to enhance communication to the public. The media will then get the information out to the public by ways of News releases, web sites, news conferences, newspapers and other social media (Hicks, 2012). The advantages of using these types of media are they quickly allows for the public to know what type of crisis has happened, and what kinds of precautions are being taken to ensure their safety. If there were to be any fatalities caused by the crisis event(s), these types of avenues also will give information on that. Some disadvantages can be unreliable technology of the citizens that will not allow for them to get access to the information that is being released by the media, such as no television, computer is not working properly, or they don’t received the local newspaper to be able to read it, etc. How technology might be used differently now than it was during the crisis situations described in the scenario Back in 1979, when a crisis occurred, it was released in the media, but the technology was not as great then as it is today. In 1979, there were no reliable social media besides the television or radio. If there was internet, it was not as reliable for getting information out to the public back then as it is today. There were no cell phones to quickly communicate back and forth when a person was on the go. In 2005, there was newer technology such as the internet, cell phones, and doplar radar systems to help with bad weather forecasts, which was needed in the case of Hurricane Katrina that left New Orleans in such shambles. Technology in 2005 was efficient, but has been upgrade to be even more efficient since then. We now have newer and more efficient technology today that can be used for â€Å" the ability to quickly gain awareness of the nature and scope of the crisis; the ability to quickly gather the information necessary to respond to the crisis; the ability to quickly deliver relevant information to all agency staff members; the ability to quickly deliver relevant information to the general public, the media, and other agencies—despite limited contact center resources; the ability to quickly ascertain whether recipients are finding information useful; and the ability to quickly respond to any ongoing changes in the crisis over time† (Customer Relationship Management and Crisis Management, 2012, p. 3, para. 5). Media opportunities during this management crisis Local environmental health agencies, Local news media, local Emergency Management Officials, Fire, Police, and EMS, Hospitals and Health Plans, Infectious disease physicians, Poison Control Centers along with other local agencies are some of the many media avenues that have been recruited to manage this crisis situation. Other media opportunities will involve the media at the state level as well, such as the State Public Health Department, State Emergency Management Officials, The American Red Cross, etc., and other volunteer groups. Federal media opportunities are also involved; they go as follows: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office of Emergency Preparedness, Food and Drug Administration, Department of Justice, including the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and the Federal Emergency Management Agency along with others (Fraser & Fisher, 2001). Crisis situations happen all the time, at any given time. No one knows when a crisis may occur. It is always a good idea to be prepared for a crisis just in case one happens. If anyone is affiliated with a company that does not have plans, or engage in any drill exercises for crisis situations, my staff and I are encouraging those companies to do so, and put some plans in effect right now. The employees will be glad those steps were taken for the sake of the public, as well as for the company. My staff and I, here in Ohio’s Emergency Management Office, will always make sure that the technology and plans that we have on hand will allow us to always be able to quickly respond to any crisis situation. Today, we had a life-threatening biological agent that contaminated the waters in Canton and surrounding cities. With the help of other public officials, the crisis team did a wonderful job of implementing a successful plan to aid the public at hand without panic, and was able to successfully assure their safety. References Fraser, M. R., & Fisher, V. S. (2001, January). Elements of effective bioterrorism preparedness: A planning primer for local public health agencies. National Association of County and City Health Officials. Retrieved from http://bioterrorism.slu.edu/bt/key_ref/NACCHO/effective.pdf Hicks, N. J. (2012). Health Industry Communication: New Media, New Methods, New Message. Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database. n.d., (2012, March). Customer Relationship Management and Crisis Management: Proven Emergency Response Strategies for the Public Sector. Oracle. Retrieved from http://www.oracle.com/us/products/applications/crm-and-crisis-management-wp-1560491.pdf Nsiah-Kumi, P. A. (2008). Communicating effectively with vulnerable populations during water contamination events. Journal Of Water & Health, 663-75. doi:10.2166/wh.2008.041

Civil Rights

Civil Rights Introduction Black power moment started in 1960s. It had interest of bringing black American together in fight for equality among black and American. Black power movement was formed to fight for racial pride and joint interest.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Civil Rights-Black Power Movement specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It was against multiculturalism. It aimed at protecting black people from racial discrimination. It supported formation of separate social institutions and self independence economy. Violence was used in order to achieve civil rights. It was for the independence of black people and separation. Not all people were for Black Nationalism (Obama 7). Party of self defense was not for Black Nationalism and did not believe there was racism. They believed the struggle was for the economy differences. Black power moment came at the time of black people struggle for civil rights and inequality. They insist ed on racial incorporation and absorption. Black power movement succeeded in fight for independence and self esteem of black people. The movement focused on political issues that were filled with oppression of black people (shakur 10). Barrack and Assata Shakur History on Civil Rights-Black Power Moment Barack Obama was told the history of black people oppression and slavery by his grandmother. He saw himself as the heir to the king and was determined to fight for civil rights. He positioned himself as the forerunner of black politicians to fight for civil rights. He fought for equal treatment of people regardless of their race, religion, color or country of origin. Unlike the early fighters of civil rights who insisted on separation of social amenities, Obama termed this as unconstitutional (Obama 15).Advertising Looking for essay on african american? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More He was against the use of violenc e in the struggle for civil rights. Barack Obama was aware of the violence and oppression of black people in the United States. He dedicated himself to fight against this. He became a politician with the interest for equality of all people in the United States. He discussed the fifty years of racial politics as inhuman and unconstitutional. He paid respect for the elders who had formed the civil rights- black power movement in their struggles for civil rights (Obama 28). Assata shakur story does not have much difference from Barack Obama’s as she also fought for civil rights. She indeed experienced the violation of human rights and racial discrimination. She was imprisoned with charges she never committed. She escaped from prison in 1979 to get away from the racial discrimination and violence that was exercise by the United States government towards black people. She lived as an exile in Cuba since 1984.she participated in civil rights movement vigorously in fight against rac ism. During her studies she was in the black students’ movement in fight for equal education facilities and against racism. She was also in black partner party which aimed at total racial equality and independence of black people. Her treatment in the prisons raised alarm among human rights activists. She is a clear example of racism that was exercised by the white government towards the black people. The federal bureau of investigations classified her as a domestic terrorist. This did not stop her in fighting for civil rights. She joined the Africa liberation party which aimed at fighting independence and self determination of black people. She later joined the republic of Africa which aimed at creating an independent black majority nation (Shakur 11).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Civil Rights-Black Power Movement specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More History Revelation Barrack Obama and Assata Shakur fought t o the end and they gained civil rights and black power has come to rule. This is clearly shown by Obama’s election in to presidency. Being the president, Obama is a representative of post civil rights-black power moment. In his campaigns for presidency, Obama insisted on equal treatment of people of United States regardless of their race, color, religion or land of origin (Obama 30). Barrack Obama and Assata Shakur story reveals the racial discrimination towards the black people that was exercised by the United States government. It shows self determination of the black people in struggles for civil rights- black power. The history of civil rights struggles reveals how the United States government exercised their policies that were full of racial discrimination and violence towards black people. Barrack Obama and Assata Shakur have similarities in that they both represent the young people in fight for racial equality. They also have been fighting for civil rights and insistin g on end of violence that was excised by the United States government toward black people. They were in political movements that aimed at liberating black people. They fought to the end to see that the constitution was applied to treat every one equally. They were different in that Assata Shakur practically experienced the slavery it self in the hands of the political government.she experienced racial discrimination and was arrested for the crimes she had not committed.Advertising Looking for essay on african american? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More She also experienced violence that was being used in fight for civil rights while Barrack Obama insisted on morality and Christian values when he was fighting for civil rights and equal treatment of all people (shakur 20). This is well demonstrated in his campaigns for presidency where he used bible stories to preach equal treatment of people. Barrack Obama learnt the story of black slavery from his grandmother while Assata Shakur in deed experienced the slavery. Conclusion The black people experienced racial discrimination and slavery in the hands of United States political government. Black people united and formed movements that aimed at fighting for civil rights and equal treatment as white. These movements were against racism. Barrack Obama and Assata Shakur inherited the spirit of fighting for civil rights and black power from their forefathers. They continued with the struggles for civil rights to the end. With these two people slavery of back people in the United States and racial discrimination has ended. Obama Barrack. Dreams from My Father: A Story of Race and Inheritance. New York: Crown publishes, 2007. Shakur, Assata Assata: An Autobiography scribid. Web.

The New Deal1 essays

The New Deal1 essays The New Deal picked people up when the Great Depression sent them down. It restored faith in the American people. The New Deal helped bring businesses and unemployment from out of the cellar. It got the economy back on its feet after it looked like nothing could help. All this was possible because of one man. Why did they put so much faith into one person? Even though the New Deal was a great success, why did they expect this one person to save them? You can't put your future into the hands of one person. Franklin D. Roosevelt was the man who saw this challenge and overcame it with great success. Even thought his great plan had there ups and downs, to many of the American people he wasn't just another President, he was a hero. The Great Depression was a rough time for all the American people. It sent many banks, farms, and business to close. This caused people to loose there jobs and others to reduce their salary. This was a dark time for the people and they started loosing faith. The people put their hopes on Herbert Hoover who told the people that the Great Depression was coming to an end. The fact of the matter was the it was only in its prime. Hoover promised the American people many things that he knew that could raise hope in people, but he never took action. When Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected in 1933, how did the people know that Roosevelt wasn't just another President that would not take any action. Roosevelt became the President and right away had to face a very serious problem. His election got him involved right when the economy hit rock bottom. Roosevelt knew he had to at least put a smile on the American people's face. He started by selecting a tune called "Happy Days Are Here Again". The people believed this to be a promise that they were getting a President to rely on. How did the people know that this wasn't just some guy making campaign promises? They say it was the unusual way that he...

Analysis of an Advertisement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Analysis of an Advertisement - Essay Example Sisley is a multinational company operating in major nations throughout the world. The company deals with clothing and jewelry. In the recent years, it has made progress in its fashion products because of the differentiation of products it formulated. This also made it to segment its market and attract fashion female addicts. However, my problem with the company and product is associated with their advert. They tend to associate their target consumers with certain behaviors, which is not good. Their latest advert portrayed their target consumers in a negative way since they associated them with drugs as shown in the image below. The advert is an association of the target groups with drugs, cocaine. It portrays fashion addicts as cocaine addicts. For instance, the word fashion is misspelled to â€Å"Fashioin.† This was intentional to make it rhyme with cocaine. It depicts two women snorting cocaine. It also features a white dress, which is arranged to resemble cocaine. Similarly, there is also a white powder in the JPMorgan chase cards resembling cocaine. The accompanying text for the advert is, â€Å"Sisley Fashioin Junkie.† The target audience for the advert is young women who are fashion addicts. The advert features the picture of two beautiful women who are at their young ages hence acting as the target audience. The advert also uses bold textual techniques in selling their fashion products. The text has the name of the company as well as the altered spelling of fashion. This brings attention to the audience, hence capturing them. The advert is very effective in reaching its target. Its controversy in portraying the target consumers as cocaine addicts makes many consumers aware of its existence because many discuss it. Similarly, it attracts attention since many consumers are eager to find out what is going on and its nature. This makes it attract attention, hence reaching the target. The advert is not ethical. It depicts its target consumers in a negative

Art History of 20th Century Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Art History of 20th Century - Research Paper Example Pollok made most of his painting on canvas rather than on the wall, and this was to make them more portable. Most of his works were a mixture of controllable and uncontrollable factors1. Lynda Benglis on her part is an American sculptor and visual artist majorly known for her wax painting and poured latex sculptures. She also used drip style to make her works. She was a professional photographer as she had studied artwork at a college. Given that most of her works were sensual in nature, they were ignored for a long time. Â  Given that Pollok paintings were made on canvas rather than on walls, which is common. His paintings were or portable and could easily move to the museum. This work is significant and, therefore, can be easily seen by those visiting the place. Their placement on the wall at points that it could be viewed easily by people of all heights since it’s not too high or too low. A group of viewers can as well look at it at the same as it is large and full2. Pollok believed that the size of his works had a direct relationship with how and to what extent viewers and he would bond and be part of the painting. Lynda Benglis, on the other hand, made a sculpture that could not be hanging but place on a flat surface for viewing. Her sculpture is smaller compared to the paintings of Pollok. It is only visible to a keen viewer who had the intention of looking for this particular artwork in the gallery. The location of Benglis’ sculpture Batt puts it out of sight and away from other artistic works with which they fall into the same category. The disadvantage to the painter and the lovers of their works as it takes longer to locate them thus according to them with little or no publicity. Â